Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 007)

( From page 006 A) Surface smooth, but conulose or with pointed processes 2 cm or greater in length.
[A]
Surface smooth, conulose or with digitate processes.
Spicule size may reach 460 μm or greater.
cc007A.jpg de Laubenfels, 1930
Sponge: Encrusting up to 10 cm high. Consistency: Sponge fragile, fleshy, very soft, compressible. Surface: Superficially smooth, conulose and/or with digitate processes. Often looks woody. Small specimens smoother. Oscula: 2 mm in diameter, often raised on processes.
Color: Alive: Bright yellow, often with orange. In alcohol: Brown to tan..
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Styles: 115 -206-317- 380-460 um. x 3.4 - 10.2 um.
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Skeleton: Ectosome developed into a thin, transparent, fleshy dermis with few spicules. Choanosome with spicules in confusion, sometimes with vertical tracts of spicules with points up, to form subdermal brushes near surface. In smaller specimens these may run parallel to the surface and be confused as part of the dermal skeleton.
Distribution: Southern and Central California, Open coast or Bays
Depth: Intertidal
Note: Hymeniacidon sp. A Hartman, 1975 is possibly conspecific with Hymeniacidon sinapium.
[B]
Surface smooth, NOT conulose but with pointed processes to 2 cm or greater.
Spicule size to 363 μm.
Hymeniacidon sp. A Hartman, 1975
Sponge: Thickly encrusting.
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