Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 028)

( From page 027 A) Microscleres Palmate Isochelae and Toxas ONLY. Rhaphides ABSENT.
[A]
Toxa 100-900 μm.
cc028A.jpg Green and Bakus, 1994
Sponge: Small, encrusting 0.2 mm thick. Consistency: fragile (pieces, damaged).
Color: Tan ? Alive.
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Subtylostyles with slightly acanthose heads: 290 -517- 870 um. x 6.0 -9.0- 13.0 um.
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(2) Styles with finely acanthose heads and shafts: 640 -696- 750 um. x 23 -25- 26 um.
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(3) Acanthostyle: 120 -138- 150 um. x 10 -12- 16 um.
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(4) Oxea: 1450 -1746- 2250 um. x 5.0 - 6.0- 9.0 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1) Palmate Isochelae: 16 -16- 18 um.
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(2) Toxa: 100 -374- 900 um.
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Skeleton: Authors state it was difficult to determine due to damage. Multispicular tracts of long diactins incorporated within plumose skeleton of monactins.
Distribution: Southern California, Santa Maria Basin.
Depth: Deep water, 92-100 m.
Note: Originally described from tiny, damaged fragments which included the very large Oxeas listed above. These may be a contaminant. Note also that in the same publication the authors described Hymedesmia (Holerodesmia) sp. A which has now been synonymized with Clathria (Microciona) sp. A. As a result, both of these are represented as sp. A. To avoid confusion we have designated these two species as sp. A-1 and species A-2. See page 156A.
[B] GO TO PAGE 029
Toxas to no greater than 350 μm.
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