Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 110)

( From page 109 B) Oxeas < 300 μm.
[A]
Oxeas 260 - 300 μm.
Sigmas of 2 size classes.
cc110A.jpg
Xestospongia edapha (de Laubenfels, 1930)
Sponge: Massive (to 20 cm thick) or encrusting to 2 cm thick. Consistency: friable to stony hard. Surface: superficially smooth. Oscula: oval round, 1 mm in diameter.
Color: Alive: Buff-white, lavender.
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Oxeas: 260 -275- 300 um. x 12 -13- 15 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1) Sigma: 46 -52-81- 118 um.
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(2) Sigma: 75 -87-96- 118 um.
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Skeleton: Ectosome with reticulation near the surface provided with much spongin. Choanosomal skeleton with a greater abundance of confused spicules but a basic isodictyal pattern remains. Vertical paucispicular tracts with cross spicules oriented horizontally and diagonally.
Distribution: Southern, Northern California.
Depth: Low intertidal to subtidal.
Note: Was Sigmadocia edaphus. De Weerdt, 2002, tentatively places Sigmadocia in Haliclona (Gellius). This species is now considered to be in the genus Xestospongia.
[B] GO TO PAGE 111
Oxeas < 280 μm.
Sigmas of 1 size class.
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