Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 257)

( From page 255 B) Dermalia are NOT Pinular Hexactins.
[A]
Autodermalia are mostly rough Pentactins.
cc257A.jpg
Aulosaccus schulzei Ijima, 1896
Sponge: Vasiform with smooth outer surface to 45 cm tall.
Color: Dry: Light beige.
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Principal Diactins: 1- 17 mm.
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(2) Thick Diactins: to 28 mm. x 140 um.
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(3) Pentactins (rare): (tangential ray): 0.23 -1.12- 2.45 mm. (proximal ray): 1.34 -2.07- 3.13 mm.
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Mesoscleres:
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(1) Dermal Pentactins (tangential ray): 75 -118- 163 um. (proximal ray): 45 -98- 118 um.
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(2) Gastral Hexactins (tangential ray): 62 -122- 265 um. (proximal ray): 124 -183- 278 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1) Oxyhexactins: (diameter): 68 -87- 110 um.
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(2) Hemioxyhexasters: (diameter): 68 -87- 110 um.
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(3) Macro-discohexasters: (diameter): 536 -744- 868 um.
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(4) Micro-discohexasters: (diameter): 15 -24- 32 um.
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Skeleton: Loose spicules only; attachment unknown.
Distribution: Southern California.
Depth: Deep water.
Note: Data from Moss Landing Marine Lab specimen RMMI-4519.
[B]
Autodermalia are mostly rough Stauractins.
Wilson, 1904
Sponge: Tubular to caliculate body.
Color: Tan in alcohol.
Spicules: Megascleres:
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(1)Principal Diactins: 1.3 -4.1- 7.9 mm.
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(2)Thick Diactins: 9.6 -14.7- 25.7 mm.
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(3)Pentactins (tangential ray): 266 -382- 520 um. (proximal ray): 0.57 -1.00- 1.52 um.
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Mesoscleres:
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(1) Dermal Stauractins (ray): 58 -73- 103 um.
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(2) Gastral Pinular Hexactins (pinular ray): 84-118-140 um. (other rays): 55 -74- 96 um.
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(3) Regular Hexactins (ray): 67 -92- 116 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1)Oxy-Hemioxyhexasters (diameter): 51 -86- 106 um.
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Skeleton: Loose spicules in main body; basal fused skeleton.
Distribution: Southern California.
Depth: Deep water.
Note: Known only attached to Hyalonema roots. Data from type specimen, USNM 08274.
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