Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 100)

( From page 092 A) Mean spicule length 140 μm. or greater.
[A]
Tangential ectosomal skeleton present.
Surface hard, smooth, level.
Color: white.
cc100A.jpg
Xestospongia dubia (Ristau, 1978)
Sponge: Encrusting 4-8 mm thick. Consistency: firm, smooth. Oscula: 0.8-1.3 mm in diameter, 3-5 mm apart, either with volcano-like rims, 0.5-1.5 mm high or flush with surface.
Color: Alive: White.
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Oxeas-straight to slightly curved.: 140 - 180 um. x 10 - 16 um.
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Skeleton: Tangential ectosomal skeleton of tracts, 2-5 spicules wide, forming an irregular polygonal network with meshes 120-140 μm. Choanosome, a reticulation of multispicular tracts, 6-10 spicules wide, varying to a confused arrangement of spicules.
Distribution: Central to Northern California.
Depth: Low intertidal to subtidal, 1.5 to 7 m.
Note: Was Adocia dubia. The genus Adocia was synonymized with Haliclona (Haliclona) by de Weerdt, 2002. However, this species has been reviewed and is now considered to be Xestospongia.
[B] GO TO PAGE 101
No tangential ectosomal skeleton present.
Surface soft, smooth, irregular.
Color: grey-blue, rose-lavender, lavender, light grey-brown or transparent white.
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