Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 136)

( From page 135 B) NO Cladotylotes present.
[A]
Isochelae normal, palmate.
Toxas present, size to 100 μm.
Style: 180-215 μm.
cc136A.jpg (de Laubenfels, 1927)
Sponge: Encrusting to 4.0 cm thick. Consistency: firm, woody. Surface: level, superficially hispid. Oscula: sometimes with slightly raised collars, 1 - 2 mm in diameter.
Color: Alive: Scarlet to salmon-red or dull salmon orange.
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Thick Styles - Sub-tylostyles with heads smooth or microspined: 180 - 215 um. x 15 - 17 um.
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(2) Thin Tylostyles - Subtylostyles: 145 - 200 um. x 3.3 - 3.7 um.
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(3) Tylotes with heads microspined: 175 - 240 um. x 17 - 24 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1) Palmate Isochelae: 10 - 20 um.
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(2) Toxas: 15 - 100 um.
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Skeleton: Ectosome: Vague with Tylostyles-Subtylostyles near the surface. Choanosome: Ascending tracts of Styles that penetrate the surface. Tracts interconnected by Tylotes.
Distribution: Southern to Northern California.
Depth: Intertidal to subtidal.
Note: Was Plocamia karykina.
[B]
Isochelae with central wing-plate on shaft.
Toxas may be present, if so, to 63 μm.
Styles: 168 - 600 μm.
(Burton, 1935)
Sponge: Thinly encrusting up to 1 mm thick.
Color: Alive: Orange.
Spicules: Megascleres:
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(1)Styles - Subtylostyles with microspined heads: 168 - 600 um. x 8 - 24 um.
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(2)Subtylostyles - Tylostyles: 94 - 270 um. x 3 - 6 um.
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(3)Tylostyles: 98 - 196 um. x 6 - 14 um.
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(4)Tylotes with microspined heads: 66 - 137 um. x 5 - 12 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1)Palmate Isochelae: 10 -16 um.
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(2)Toxas (may be absent): 31 - 63 um.
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Skeleton: Regular reticulation of Tylotes supporting a dermal arrangement of Styles and Tylostyles pointing outward..
Distribution: Central to Northern California.
Depth: Intertidal to subtidal.
Note: Was Heteroclathria lambei.
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