Identifying Sponges

Key to California Porifera (Page 261)

( From page 260 B) Mean Discoctaster diameter is less than 200 μm.
[A]
Mean Discoctaster diameter is between 150 and 199 μm.
cc261A.jpg
Staurocalyptus solidus Schulze, 1899
Sponge: Barrel-like with broad base; veil of Diactins and Pentactins.
Color: not recorded.
Spicules: Megascleres: (1) Principal Diactins: 2.0 -4.5- 8.4 mm.
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(2) Thick Prostal Diactins: to 4 cm.
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(3) Hypodermal Pentactins (tangential ray): 1.8 -4.5- 6.6 mm. (proximal ray): 5.5 -6.8- 9.6 mm.
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Mesoscleres:
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(1) Dermal Stauractins (ray): 75 -117- 180 um.
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(2) Dermal Pentactins (tangential ray): 88 -131- 193 um. (proximal ray): 88 -114- 163 um.
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(3) Gastral Hexactins (ray): 89 -116- 134 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1) Oxy-Hemioxyhexasters (diameter): 113 -141- 179 um.
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(2) Discoctasters (diameter): 134 -174- 225 um.
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(3) Microdiscohexasters (diameter): 16 -20- 22 um.
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Skeleton: Entirely composed of loose spicules.
Distribution: Southern and Central California.
Depth: Deep water.
Note: Measurements from Holotype USNM 7581.
Tabachnick's 2002 proposed move of Staurocaalyptus to a subgenus of Acanthascus is not followed here.
[B]
Mean Discoctaster diameter is less than 120 μm.
Staurocalyptus fasciculatus Schulze, 1899
Sponge: Thin-walled hollow cone without veil.
Color: not reported.
Spicules: Megascleres:
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(1)Principal Diactins: 0.9 -3.2- 7.1 mm.
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(2)Thick Diactins: 6.9 - 8.0 mm.
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(3)Hypodermal Pentactins (tangential ray): 1.4 -1.9- 2.5 mm. (proximal ray): 2.7 - 3.3 mm.
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Mesoscleres:
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(1) Dermal Pentactins (tangential ray): 92 -145- 198 um. (proximal ray): 75 -117- 157 um.
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(2) Gastral Hexactins (ray): 86 -119- 161 um.
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Microscleres:
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(1)Oxy-Hemioxyhexasters (diameter): 62 -80- 96 um.
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(2)Discoctasters (diameter): 71 -84- 97 um.
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Skeleton: Entirely composed of loose spicules.
Distribution: Southern and Northern California.
Depth: Deep water.
Note: Data from Holotype USNM 7580.
Tabachnick's 2002 proposed move of Staurocaalyptusa subgenus of Acanthascus is not followed here.
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